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Percentages of Individuals Who Have Experienced Futoko (Refusal/Inability to Attend School)

Percentages of Individuals Who Have Experienced Futoko in hikikomori are compared in each of the investigations. There are slight differences in numbers depending on the surveys. Percentages of futoko are approximately 60%-80%. It is evident that hikikomori and futoko are closely related.

	Survey	Percentages of Individuals Who Have Experienced Futoko
１	"Hikikomori Guideline"	61.4％
２	Saito Tamaki's Medical diagnoses Data	86％
３	Saitama Prefecture (Kanto Region) Factual Investigation	64.6％
４	Oita Prefecture (Kyushu Region) Factual Investigation	69.6％

１．"Hikikomori Guideline"

Data shows that 61.4% of hikikomori experienced Futoko. The 61.4% is the sum of the from the elementary school to the university. Reference: "The Survey of "social withdrawal" about Consultation and assistance situation"(Japanese)

２．Saito Tamaki's Medical Diagnoses Data

Data shows that 86% of hikikomori are male. Data is taken from patients who underwent medical examinations in Saito Tamaki's (author or Societal Withdrawal) research lab.
Reference: Tamaki Saito, 1998, Hikikomori: Adolescence Without End, Japanese(amazon), English(amazon)

３．Saitama Prefecture (Kanto Region) Factual Investigation

Data shows that 64.6％ of hikikomori experienced Futoko. Data is taken from the Saitama Prefecture Office of Health Welfare's "Report of Factual Investigations on Hikikomori" (2002). The unique characteristic of this survey is that the analyses of the medical diagnoses are conducted using the official definition of hikikomori. Out of the 723 cases sampled, actual analyses was only conducted on the 131 cases after excluding those associated with mental illnesses. This survey is particularly relied upon because of this (exclusion).
Reference: Saitama Prefecture Mental Health and Welfare Association(埼玉県精神保健福祉協会)
Sohei IDE's Study Note(Japanese)
Note: This report generally is not discloed.

４．Oita Prefecture (Kyushu) Factual Investigation

Data shows that 69.6% of hikikomori experienced Futoko. Data is taken from the Oita Prefecture Office of Health Welfare's "Report on Factual Investigations of Hikikomori" (2004). The unique characteristic of this survey is that "hikikomori" is not limited to adolescents. The data includes a wider age range; a maximum age of 73 years and a 5.7% increase in individuals 45 years and older. Though still lacking factual support, it is believed that this older population suffers from hikikomori due to a mixture of reasons including mental disorders and anxieties of retired employees and housewives.
Reference: Sohei IDE's Study Note(Japanese)